Flux through Anvil

Average values through vertical cross-sections from t = 1 hr to t = 2 hr



Model
 Anvil Area
(106 m2)
 Mass Flux
(kg m-2 s-1)
 CO Flux
(10-5 mol m-2 s-1)
 NOx Flux
(10-8 mol m-2 s)
Observations*
 315
 5.9
 1.90
 5.8
WRF-AqChem
(Barth, Kim)
 187.7
 6.75 1.94
7.23
C. Wang

 442.7
6.72
 1.94
5.97
DHARMA
(Fridlind, Ackerman)
 531.9 7.69 2.39 n/a
Meso-NH
(Pinty, Mari)
 n/a 6.73 1.93 3.93
RAMS
(Leriche, Cautenet)
 332.7 7.68 2.29 5.30
V. Spiridonov

 444.0 5.00 3.3 3.2
U. Md / GCE
(Pickering, Ott, Stenchikov)
 274.0 9.06 2.54
 8.45
SDSMT
(Helsdon, Farley)
 196.9
 6.59
 1.93 13.04





avg +/- std dev

 344.3 +/- 133.0
 6.86 +/- 1.30
 2.24 +/- 0.53
 6.58 +/- 3.49
*Analyzed from aircraft measurements.  See Skamarock et al. (2003) J. Geophys. Res. for more details.
Rows with orange background color are models that included lightning production of NO.
Last updated June 2, 2006.