Design criteria for meso- and cloud-scale atmospheric
models have typically centered around (i) accuracy for short-term integrations
(hours to days), (ii) efficiency, and (iii) robustness - especially for
weather prediction applications. While these criteria are being used
in the WRF model design, we are also attempting to address the needs of
the atmospheric chemistry and air quality communities with the WRF model.
The primary criteria introduced by these needs is mass conservation and
conservation of transported species in the continuous and discrete dynamical
equations. Mesoscale and cloudscale models are necessarily nonhydrostatic,
and the need for efficiency and robustness have, in the past, led to model
equations that did not conserve mass or scalar quantities. Within
the WRF model development effort at NCAR, we have constructed new integration
techniques that conserve mass and scalar quantities while preserving the
needed efficiency and robustness of existing formulations. I will
briefly outline both the old (non-mass conserving) and new (mass conserving)
formulations. There are several mass-conserving formulations being
considered, including one based on semi-Lagrangian integration techniques.
I will briefly discuss the decisions that are still to be made concerning
equations and integration techniques for the WRF model, our general mesoscale
and cloudscale model design philosophy, and the advantages/disadvantages
of online versus offline chemical/air-quality modeling approaches.